钱妮佳;王海;李方超;高井祥;

• 1:自然资源部国土环境与灾害监测重点实验室
• 2:中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院

摘要(Abstract)：

为了研究随机模型对GNSS定位精度的影响,介绍了GPS/GLONASS/BDS组合伪距单点定位的函数模型以及几种当前常用的先验随机模型。结合各个模型的优缺点,提出通过指数函数引入空间分布改善因子,建立一种改进的信噪比随机模型,并设计相关多系统伪距单点定位试验对其性能进行分析。实验结果表明:改进模型的解算精度显著优于现存的几种先验随机模型,相比等权模型在三维定位精度上提升15%～30%,相比高度角模型提升15%～25%,相比信噪比模型提升5%～15%,相比现存的PDOP模型也有明显提升。改进模型在不同遮蔽情况、双系统和三系统组合定位时精度均优于现存的信噪比随机模型,从而验证了该定权算法的有效性。

关键词(KeyWords)： 随机模型;等权模型;高度角模型;信噪比模型;位置精度因子(PDOP)

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目（41604006,41674008）;; 江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20160247）;; 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（SJKY19_1850）

作者(Authors): 钱妮佳;王海;李方超;高井祥;

DOI: 10.16251/j.cnki.1009-2307.2019.12.004

参考文献(References)：

• [1]任晓东，张柯柯，李星星，等．BeiDou、Galileo、GLONASS、GPS多系统融合精密单点[J]．测绘学报，2015,44(12):1307-1313.(REN Xiaodong,ZHANG Keke,LI Xingxing,et al.Precise point positioning with multi-constellation satellite systems:BeiDou,Galileo,GLONASS,GPS[J].Acta Geodaetica Et Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(12):1307-1313)
• [2] CHEN J,ZHANG Y,WANG J,et al.A simplified and unified model of multi-GNSS precise point positioning[J].Advances in Space Research,2015,55(1):125-134.
• [3] PAN Z,CHAI H,KONG Y.Integrating multi-GNSS to improve the performance of precise point positioning[J]. Advances in Space Research,2017,60(12):S0273117717300443.
• [4]李方超，王浩，高井祥，等．卫星截止高度角和系统组合对GNSS PPP精度影响研究[J]．大地测量与地球动力学，2017,37(11):1150-1155.(LI Fangchao,WANG Hao,GAO Jingxiang,et al.Influence of elevation masking angle and system integration on GNSS PPP precision[J].Journal of Geodesy&Geodynamics,2017,37(11):1150-1155.)
• [5] KAZMIERSKI K,HADAS T,SOS'NICA K.Weighting of multi-GNSS observations in real-time precise point positioning[J].Remote Sensing,2018,10(1):84.
• [6] HAN J,HUANG G,ZHANG Q,et al.A new azimuthdependent elevation weight(ADEW)model for realtime deformation monitoring in complex environment by Multi-GNSS[J].Sensors,2018,18(8):2473.
• [7]胡国荣，崔伟宏．组合GPS/GLONASS精密定位的观测值随机模型[J]．遥感学报，2001,5(2):95-99.(HU Guorong,CUI Weihong.Stochastic model for precise combined GPS and GLONASS positioning[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2001,5(2):95-99.)
• [8] LI B,LOU L,SHEN Y.GNSS Elevation-dependent stochastic modeling and its impacts on the statistic testing[J].Journal of Surveying Engineering,2016,142(2):04015012.
• [9]魏子卿．2000中国大地坐标系及其与WGS84的比较[J]．大地测量与地球动力学，2008,28(5):1-5.(WEI Ziqing.China geodetic coordinate system 2000and its comparison with WGS84[J].Journal of Geodesy&Geodynamics,2008,28(5):1-5.)
• [10]刘超，王坚，路鑫，等．GPS载波相位观测值随机模型的比较研究[J]．测绘科学，2010,35(6):151-154.(LIU Chao,WANG Jian,LU Xin,et al.Comparison of the stochastic model for GPS carrier phase measurements[J].Science of Surveying&Mapping,2010,35(6):151-154.)
• [11]柴大帅，王胜利，卢秀山．基于信噪比的GNSS随机模型分析[J]．全球定位系统，2016,41(5):42-46.(CHAI Dashuai,WANG Shengli,LU Xiushan.Comparing GNSS stochastic models based on SNR[J].GNSS World of China,2016,41(5):42-46.)
• [12]HARTINGER H,BRUNNER F K.Variances of GPS phase observations:the SIGMA-model[J].GPS Solutions,1999,2(4):35-43.
• [13]潘林，蔡昌盛，戴吾蛟，等．一种顾及卫星几何分布的GPS/北斗组合定位定权方法[J]．测绘工程，2014,23(12):25-30.(PAN Lin,CAI Changsheng,DAI Wujiao,et al. A weighting approach considering visible satellites’geometry distribution for combined GPS/Beidou single point positioning[J].Engineering of Surveying&Mapping,2014,23(12):25-30.)
• [14]罗小敏，蔡昌盛，戴吾蛟，等．顾及PDOP的GPS/GLONASS组合单点定位的观测值定权[J]．导航定位学报，2013,1(1):25-60.(LUO Xiaomin,CAI Changsheng,DAI Wujiao,et al.Weighting observations in combined GPS/GLONASS single point positioning based on PDOP[J].Journal of Navigation&Positioning,2013,1(1):56-60.)
• [15]LUO X,MAYER M, HECK B.Improving the stochastic model of GNSS observations by means of SNR-based weighting[M]∥Observing our Changing Earth.Berlin Heidelberg:Springer,2009:725-734.
• [16]YAN L,HUANG D,LI M,et al.BDS/GPS stochastic model refinement and assessment using satellite elevation angle and SNR[M]∥China Satellite Navigation Conference(CSNC)2015 Proceedings.Berlin Heidelberg:Springer,2015:537-549.