出租车空载率多尺度时空分布特征研究Research on multi-scale temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of taxi empty-loading ratio
贾小涛,蔡忠亮,姜莉莉,齐永兰,李伯钊
摘要(Abstract):
为了提取出租车空载率的多尺度时空分布特征及规律,该文使用Hadoop平台从出租车全球定位系统(GPS)数据中提取空载事件,利用统计方法对空载率时间多尺度分布特征进行研究;结合百度兴趣点(POI)数据,采用叠加分析方法对空载率空间多尺度分布特征进行研究,得出北京市五环区域的空载率分布特征:周末空载率高于工作日空载率,周五的空载率在一周之中最低;北京市五环内丰台区、大兴区、石景山区空载率较高,工作日早、晚高峰期间海淀区中部、东城区、西城区、朝阳区中部空载率很低,夜高峰期间科技公司集中区空载率很低。研究结果表明:北京市五环内中关村、望京区域,公园、娱乐场所等热点区域及环路沿线区域的空载率较低,该结果可为出租车运营及优化城市交通系统提供参考。
关键词(KeyWords): 出租车数据;空载率;多尺度;时空分布
基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0503500)
作者(Author): 贾小涛,蔡忠亮,姜莉莉,齐永兰,李伯钊
DOI: 10.16251/j.cnki.1009-2307.2021.12.022
参考文献(References):
- [1]DONG Xianlei,ZHANG Min,ZHANG Shuang,et al.The analysis of urban taxi operation efficiency based on GPS trajectory big data[J].Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications,2019,528:121456.
- [2]吕振华,吴健平,姚申君,等.基于FCD的出租车运营特征分析:以上海市为例[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017(3):133-144.(LYU Zhenhua,WUJianping,YAO Shenjun,et al.FCD-based analysis of taxi operation characteristics:a case of Shanghai[J].Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science),2017(3):133-144.)
- [3]吴华意,黄蕊,游兰,等.出租车轨迹数据挖掘进展[J].测绘学报,2019,48(11):1341-1356.(WU Huayi,HUANG Rui,YOU Lan,et al.Recent progress in taxi trajectory data mining[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2019,48(11):1341-1356.)
- [4]唐隽玉,朱祎,黄一哲.出租车空车率影响因素研究[J].石家庄铁道大学学报(自然科学版),2019,32(4):97-102.(TANG Juanyu,ZHU Yi,HUANG Yizhe.Influencing factors analysis of taxi vacant ratio[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University(Natural Science Edition),2019,32(4):97-102.)
- [5]李道勇,戴剑军.基于FCD的深圳市出租汽车空驶率特点研究[C/OL].[2020-12-24].https://xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/paper/show?paperid=d515fb dcb57450edbf3b38f757c68742&site=xueshu_se.(LIDaoyong,DAI Jianjun.Research on characteristics of Shenzhen taxi unloaded ratio based on FCD[C/OL].[2020-12-24].https://xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/paper/show?paperid=d515fbdcb57450edbf3b38f757c68742&site=xueshu_se.)
- [6]关金平,朱竑.基于FCD的出租车空驶时空特性及成因研究:以深圳国贸CBD为例[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2010,49(S1):29-36.(GUAN Jinping,ZHU Hong.Research on space-time characteristics and reasons of idle taxi based on FCD:case in Shenzhen Guomao CBD[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2010,49(S1):29-36.)
- [7]鞠炜奇,杨家文,林雄斌.城市出租车空载率时空特征及其影响因素研究:以深圳市为例[J].规划师,2015,31(S2):257-262.(JU Weiqi,YANG Jiawen,LIN Xiongbin.Research on the space-time characteristics and influence factors of taxi empty-loading ratio:Shenzhen example[J].Planners,2015,31(S2):257-262.)
- [8]姜晶莉,郭黎,李豪.基于出租车轨迹数据的道路空驶率分析[J].兰州交通大学学报,2019,38(3):95-100.(JIANG Jingli,GUO Li,LI Hao.Analysis of emptyrun rate based on taxi trajectory data[J].Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2019,38(3):95-100.)
- [9]DOUGLAS G W.Price regulation and optimal service standards:the taxicab industry[J].Journal of Transport Economics and Policy,1972,6(2):116-127.
- [10]北京交通发展研究院.北京市交通发展年度报告[EB/OL].[2020-12-24].http://www.bjtrc.org.cn/List/index/ci-d/7.html.(Beijing Transport Institute.Beijing Traffic Development Annual Report[EB/OL].http://www.bjtrc.org.cn/List/index/cid/7.html.)
- [11]王郑委.基于大数据Hadoop平台的出租车载客热点区域挖掘研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.(WANGZhengwei.Research on mining taxi pick-up hotspots area based on big data Hadoop platform[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016.)
- [12]吕江波,张永忠.Hadoop支持下海量出租车轨迹数据预处理技术研究[J].城市勘测,2016(3):46-49.(LYU Jiangbo,ZHANG Yongzhong.Based on the Hadoop massive taxi trajectory data preprocessing technology research[J].Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2016(3):46-49.)
- [13]张昀,李小龙.基于DBSCAN算法的浮动车数据预处理[J].江西科学,2020,38(3):293-297.(ZHANGYun,LI Xiaolong.Floating car data preprocessing based on DBSCAN algorithm[J].Jiangxi Science,2020,38(3):293-297.)
- [14]唐隽玉.基于GPS数据的出租车供需不平衡时空分布及影响因素研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2018.(TANGJunyu.Spatial-temporal distribution and influencing factors of mismatch between taxi demand and supply using GPSdata[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2018.)
- [15]郭文月.基于相似性度量的等高线变化检测理论与方法研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2018.(GUOWenyue.Research on theory and method of contour change detection based on similarity measurement[D].Zhengzhou:Information Engineering University,2018.)
- [16]何珍文,吴冲龙,刘刚,等.地学时序大数据的相似性度量与索引方法综述[J].地质科技通报,2020,39(4):44-50.(HE Zhenwen,WU Chonglong,LIU Gang,et al.Review on geoscience time series big data similarity measurement and index method[J].Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology,2020,39(4):44-50.)
- [17]孙冬璞,曲丽.时间序列特征表示与相似性度量研究综述[J].计算机科学与探索,2021,15(2):195-205.(SUNDongpu,QU Li.Survey on feature representation and similarity measurement of time series[J].Journal of Frontiers of Computer Science and Technology,2021,15(2):195-205.)