杨凡,杨贵军,李振海,孟鲁闽,赵晓庆

• 1:西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院
• 2:北京农业信息技术研究中心
• 3:国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心
• 4:农业部农业信息技术重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

针对无人机激光雷达估测低矮植被高度的精度大小,本文以3m以下低矮树木为研究对象,通过数值模拟方法得到不同航高、不同扫描角情况下激光脚点坐标和点云估测单一树木高度的最大测量误差值;对比实测树高,分析了激光点云估测树高的精度。结果表明,在航高为30m、扫描范围为(-50°,5°)的情况下,无人机激光雷达获取的激光脚点坐标误差和由激光点云估测低矮树高(3m以下)的误差均可以达到cm级;激光点云估测单一树木高度与实测高度的决定系数为0.977,均方根差为5cm,标准均方根差为4%。因此,应用无人机激光雷达数据可以快速、精确获取低矮植被高度信息,进而为反演植被生物量和植被长势信息监测提供重要依据。

关键词(KeyWords)： 无人机激光雷达;低矮植被;高度;精度

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(41271345,41471351);; 北京市自然科学基金项目(4141001);; 北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设项目(KJCX20140417);; 测绘地理信息公益性行业科研专项项目(201512010)

作者(Author): 杨凡,杨贵军,李振海,孟鲁闽,赵晓庆

DOI: 10.16251/j.cnki.1009-2307.2017.09.027

参考文献(References)：

• [1]WANG C,GLENN N F.A linear regression method for tree canopy height estimation using airborne lidar data[J].Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,34(s2):217-227.
• [2]SELKOWITZ D J,GREEN G,PETERSON B,et al.A multi-sensor lidar,multi-spectral and multi-angular approach for mapping canopy height in boreal forest regions[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,121(2):458-471.
• [3]庞勇,赵峰,李增元,等.机载激光雷达平均树高提取研究[J].遥感学报,2008,12(1):152-158.(PANG Yong,ZHAO Feng,LI Zengyuan,et al.Forest height inversion using airborne lidar technology[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(1):152-158.)
• [4]ZOLKOS S G,GOETZ S J,DUBAYAH R.A meta-analysis of terrestrial aboveground biomass estimation using lidar remote sensing[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2013,128:289-298.
• [5]DUNCANSON L I,DUBAYAH R O,COOK B D,et al.The importance of spatial detail:Assessing the utility of individual crown information and scaling approaches for lidar-based biomass density estimation[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2015,168:102-112.
• [6]TAO S,GUO Q,LI L,et al.Airborne LiDAR-derived volume metrics for aboveground biomass estimation:a comparative assessment for conifer stands[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2014,198:24-32.
• [7]CLARK M L,CLARK D B,ROBERTS D A.Smallfootprint lidar estimation of sub-canopy elevation and tree height in a tropical rain forest landscape[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,91(1):68-89.
• [8]庞勇,李增元.基于机载激光雷达的小兴安岭温带森林组分生物量反演[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(10):1095-1105.(PANG Yong,LI Zengyuan.Inversion of biomass components of the temperate forest using airborne Lidar technology in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,Northeastern of China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2012,36(10):1095-1105.)
• [9]闫飞.森林资源调查技术与方法研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2014.(YAN Fei.Research of technology and methord of forest resource inventory[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2014.)
• [10]王利民,刘佳,杨玲波,等.基于无人机影像的农情遥感监测应用[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(18):136-145.(WANG Limin,LIU Jia,YANG Lingbo,et al.Applications of unmanned aerial vehicle images on agricultural remote sensing monitoring[J].Transactons of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(18):136-145.)
• [11]杨贵军,李长春,于海洋,等.农用无人机多传感器遥感辅助小麦育种信息获取[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(21):184-190.(YANG Guijun,LI Changchun,YU Haiyang,et al.UAV based multi-load remote sensing technologies for wheat breeding information acquirement[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(21):184-190.)
• [12]BENDIG J,YU K,AASEN H,et al.Combining UAVbased plant height from crop surface models,visible,and near infrared vegetation indices for biomass monitoring in barley[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2015,39:79-87.
• [13]徐光彩.小光斑波形激光雷达森林LAI和单木生物量估测研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2013.(XU Guangcai.Forest LAI and individual trees biomass estimation using small-footprint full-waveform LiDAR data[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Forestry,2013.)
• [14]刘经南,张小红,李征航.影响机载激光扫描测高精度的系统误差分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2002,27(2):111-117.(LIU Jingnan,ZHANG Xiaohong,LI Zhenghang.Analysis of systematic error influencing the accuracy of airborne laser scanning altimetry[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2002,27(2):111-117.)
• [15]江月松.机载GPS、姿态和激光扫描测距集成定位系统的精确定位方程、误差分析与精度评估[J].遥感学报,2001,5(4):241-247.(JIANG Yuesong.A rigorous positioning equation and it’s error analysis and precision evaluation for integrated positioning system of airborne GPS,INS and laser scanning ranging[J].Journal of Romote Sensing,2001,5(4):241-247.)
• [16]TRIGLAV-CEKADA M,CROSILLA F,KOSMATINFRAS M.A simplified analytical model for a-priori lidar point-positioning error estimation and a review of lidar error sources[J].Photogrammetric Engineering&Remote Sensing,2009,75(12):1425-1439.
• [17]刘军,王冬红,张永生.GPS/INS系统HPR与OPK角元素的剖析与转换[J].测绘科学,2006,31(5):54-56.(LIU Jun,WANG Donghong,ZHANG Yongsheng.Analysis and transformation between HPR and OPK angles for the GPS/INS system[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2006,31(5):54-56.)
• [18]王金亮,陈联君.激光雷达点云数据的滤波算法述评[J].遥感技术与应用,2010,25(5):632-638.(WANG Jinliang,CHEN Lianjun.Review on Filtering Algorithm for LiDAR points cloud data[J].Remote Sensing of Technology and Applicaton,2010,25(5):632-638.)
• [19]王建军,徐立军,李小路.姿态角随机测量误差对机载激光扫描成像的影响[J].中国激光,2011,38(3):220-228.(WANG Jianjun,XU Lijun,LI Xiaolu.Impacts of random attitude measurement errors on airborne laser scanning image[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2011,38(3):220-228.)
• [20]王建军,刘吉东.影响机载激光扫描点云精度的测量误差因素分析及其影响大小排序[J].中国激光,2014(4):239-244.(WANG Jianjun,LIU Jidong.Analysis and sorting of images of measurement errors on positoning accuracy of laser point cloud obtained from airborne laser scanning[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2011,38(3):220-228.)
• [21]李峰,崔希民,刘小阳,等.机载LiDAR点云定位误差分析[J].红外与激光工程,2014,43(6):1842-1849.(LI Feng,CUI Ximin,LIU Xiaoyang,et al.Positioning errors analysis on airborne LiDAR point clouds[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2014,43(6):1842-1849.)
• [22]索效荣,王丽英.机载LiDAR系统定位方程,误差分析与精度评定[J].测绘科学,2011,36(4):114-117.(SUO Xiaorong,WANG Liying.Positioning equation error analysis and precision evaluation for airborne LiDAR system[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(4):114-117.)
• [23]陈良.机载GNSS/SINS组合精密导航关键技术研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2013.(CHEN Liang.Research on key technologies of aeronautic GNSS/SINS integration precision navigation[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2013.)