祝会忠,郭钰铂,张凯,李军

• 1:辽宁工程技术大学测绘与地理科学学院

摘要(Abstract)：

为了满足亚太地区的定位性能,北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)卫星星座中加入了地球静止轨道(GEO)卫星,该文对GEO卫星对BDS精密单点定位(PPP)的影响进行了研究。该文首先实现了利用非差观测模型的BDS精密单点定位算法,然后分别利用全星座卫星和倾斜地球同步轨道+中圆地球轨道(IGSO+MEO)组合进行精密单点定位处理,分析了GEO卫星参与定位时PDOP值和法方程信息的变化,以及对精密单点定位精度和收敛速度的影响。实验结果表明:BDS全星座的静态PPP单天解优于IGSO+MEO组合的定位结果;动态PPP数据处理时,GEO卫星能稳定增加观测卫星数量,改善BDS星座的PDOP值,GEO卫星能够改善几何构型,进而提高动态PPP的收敛速度和收敛效果,在卫星数较少的时候提高效果尤为显著。

关键词(KeyWords)： 北斗卫星导航系统;GEO卫星;精密单点定位;定位精度;收敛速度

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(41504010,41474020);; 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0803102)

作者(Author): 祝会忠,郭钰铂,张凯,李军

DOI: 10.16251/j.cnki.1009-2307.2020.10.001

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 杨元喜,李金龙,徐君毅,等.中国北斗卫星导航系统对全球PNT用户的贡献[J].科学通报,2011,56(21):1734-1740.(YANG Yuanxi,LI Jinlong,XU Junyi,et al.The contribution of BDS to the global PNT users[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2011,56(21):1734-1740.)
• [2] 韩星远,蒙艳松,钟兴旺,等.利用北斗GEO/IGSO卫星实现中国周边区域非合作目标的无源定位[C]//第七届中国卫星导航学术年会论文集.[出版地不详]:[出版者不详],2016.(HAN Xingyuan,MENG Yansong,ZHONG Xingwang,et al.Passive locating the non-cooperative targets in areas around China by using Compass GEO/IGSO satellites [C]//Proceedings of the 7th China Satellite Navigation Annual Conference.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2016.)
• [3] 肖乐杰,孙付平,李亚萍,等.IGSO/GEO卫星对北斗系统导航性能的贡献分析[J].全球定位系统,2016,41(3):16-20.(XIAO Lejie,SUN Fuping,LI Yaping,et al.The navigation performance analysis of IGSO/GEO satellite for BeiDou[J].GNSS World of China,2016,41(3):16-20.)
• [4] 刘季.北斗GEO卫星位置计算方法探究[J].测绘地理信息,2012,37(5):33-36.(LIU Ji.BeiDou GEO satellite orbit algorithm[J].Journal of Geomatics,2012,37(5):33-36.)
• [5] 郭睿,刘利,李晓杰,等.卫星与测站钟差支持条件下的GEO卫星精密定轨[J].空间科学学报,2012,32(3):405-411.(GUO Rui,LIU Li,LI Xiaojie,et al.Precise orbit determination for GEO satellites based on both satellite clock offsets and station clock offsets[J].Chinese Journal of Space Science,2012,32(3):405-411.)
• [6] 刘俊宏.基于双差模型的北斗GEO/IGSO/MEO混合星座精密轨道和钟差确定[D]长沙:国防科学技术大学,2016.(LIU Junhong.Precision orbit and clock determination of BeiDou GEO/IGSO/MEO mixed constellation with double-difference method[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2016.)
• [7] 曹芬.基于转发测距数据的GEO导航卫星定轨方法研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2014.(CAO Fen.Research on precise orbit determination by transfer for GEO navigation satellites[D].Beijing:Uninversity of Chinese Academy of Scinces,2014.)
• [8] 郝金明,刘伟平,杨力,等.北斗卫星导航系统精密定轨技术研究现状[J].测绘科学技术学报,2015,32(3):221-225,230.(HAO Jinming,LIU Weiping,YANG Li,et al.Status of precise orbit determination of BeiDou navigation satellite system[J].Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology,2015,32(3):221-225,230.)
• [9] 施闯,赵齐乐,李敏,等.北斗卫星导航系统的精密定轨与定位研究[J].中国科学(地球科学),2012,42(6):854-861.(SHI Chuang,ZHAO Qile,LI Min,et al.Research on precise orbit determination and positioning of BDS[J].Scientia Sinica(Terrae),2012,42(6):854-861.)
• [10] 张小红,左翔,李盼,等.BDS/GPS精密单点定位收敛时间与定位精度的比较[J].测绘学报,2015,44(3):250-256.(ZHANG Xiaohong,ZUO Xiang,LI Pan,et al.Convergence time and positioning accuracy comparison between BDS and GPS precise point positioning[J].Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(3):250-256.)
• [11] 马瑞,施闯.基于北斗卫星导航系统的精密单点定位研究[J].导航定位学报,2013,1(2):7-10.(MA Rui,SHI Chuang.Precise point positioning research based on BeiDou navigation satellite system[J].Journal of Navigation and Positioning,2013,1(2):7-10.)
• [12] 张辉,郝金明,焦博,等.GNSS组合精密单点定位性能分析[C]//第九届中国卫星导航学术年会论文集.[出版地不详]:[出版者不详],2018.(ZHANG Hui,HAO Jinming,JIAO Bo,et al.GNSS combination precision point positioning performance analysis[C]//Proceedings of the 9th China Satellite Navigation Annual Conference PPP.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2018.)
• [13]ZHAO Qile,WANG Chen,GUO Jing,et al.Assessment of the contribution of BeiDou GEO,IGSO,and MEO satellites to PPP in Asia-Pacific region[J].Sensors,2015,15(12):29970-29983.
• [14]王阅兵，游新兆，金红林，等．北斗导航系统与GPS精密单点定位精度的对比分析[J]．大地测量与地球动力学，2014,34(4):110-116.(WANG Yuebing,YOU Xinzhao,JIN Honglin,et al.Accuracy comparison of precise point positioning of BeiDou navigation system with GPS[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2014,34(4):110-116.)
• [15]潘宗鹏．实时精密单点定位及模糊度固定[D]．郑州：信息工程大学，2015.(PAN Zongpeng.Real-time precise point positioning and ambiguity resolution[D].Zhengzhou:Information Engineering University,2015.)
• [16]李浩军，李博峰，王解先，等．估计北斗卫星钟差频间偏差的一种方法[J]．测绘学报，2016,45(2):140-146.(LI Haojun,LI Bofeng,WANG Jiexian,et al.A method for estimating BeiDou inter-frequency satellite clock bias[J].Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(2):140-146.)
• [17]朱永兴，冯来平，贾小林，等．北斗区域导航系统的PPP精度分析[J]．测绘学报，2015,44(4):377-383.(ZHU Yongxing,FENG Laiping,JIA Xiaolin,et al.The PPP precision analysis based on BDS regional navigation system[J].Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(4):377-383.)
• [18]范曹明，王胜利，欧吉坤．GPS/BDS卫星姿态异常对PPP相位缠绕的影响及其改正模型[J]．测绘学报，2016,45(10):1165-1170,1209.(FAN Caoming,WANG Shengli,OU Jikun.The impact of yaw attitude of eclipsing GPS/BDS satellites on phase wind-up solutions for PPP and its correction model[J].Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(10):1165-1170,1209.)
• [19]杨松，张显云，杜宁，等．多卫星系统融合精密单点定位性能分析[J]．测绘工程，2017,26(6):24-29.(YANG Song,ZHANG Xianyun,DU Ning,et al.Analysis of positioning performance on Multi-GNSS integration precise point positioning[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2017,26(6):24-29.)
• [20]GE M,GENDT G,DICK G,et al. A new data processing strategy for Huge GNSS global networks[J].Journal of Geodesy,2006,80:199-203.