陈旭升,张献州,蒋英豪,黎冶,焦雄风

• 1:西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院
• 2:高速铁路运营安全空间信息技术国家地方联合工程实验室
• 3:中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

为了克服小波硬、软阈值函数本身存在的缺点,该文在硬、软阈值函数的基础上,提出一种新的小波阈值函数,并且基于局部均值分解的原理,构造了基于局部均值分解的新小波阈值去噪法。仿真数据对比分析表明,与单纯采用小波阈值去噪法、经验模态分解(EMD)滤波去噪法及局部均值分解滤波去噪法相比,该文方法的去噪效果更好,可有效提高信号的信噪比。利用本文方法对液体静力水准仪获取的高速铁路某桥梁实际监测数据进行去噪处理,结果表明去除监测数据中噪声的同时亦可保留变形细部特征。该文方法可为工程中的非线性、非平稳监测数据去噪提供参考和借鉴。

关键词(KeyWords)： 局部均值分解;阈值函数;去噪处理;沉降监测;液体静力水准仪

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 成都市科技项目（VQ21SS1135Y17004）

作者(Author): 陈旭升,张献州,蒋英豪,黎冶,焦雄风

DOI: 10.16251/j.cnki.1009-2307.2021.02.008

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 黄声享,刘经南.GPS变形监测系统中消除噪声的一种有效方法[J].测绘学报,2002,31(2):104-107.(HUANG Shengxiang,LIU Jingnan.A novel method for reducing noise in GPS deformation monitoring system[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2002,31(2):104-107.)
• [2] 张维强,宋国乡.基于一种新的阈值函数的小波域信号去噪[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2004,31(2):296-299,303.(ZHANG Weiqiang,SONG Guoxiang.Signal de-noising in wavelet domain based on a new kind of thresholding function[J].Journal of Xidian University,2004,31(2):296-299,303.)
• [3] HUANG Z H,HE X P,FANG B,et al.Image denoising and comparison by improving threshold based on the dyadic wavelet transform[C]//International Conference on Wavelet Analysis & Pattern Recognition.Piscataway:IEEE,2008.
• [4] 陈于,金波文,赵鹏,等.模平方阈值去噪法在沉降监测中的应用[J].测绘科学,2017,42(2):166-171.(CHEN Yu,JIN Bowen,ZHAO Peng,et al.Application of wavelet threshold method based on modular square in subsidence monitoring[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2017,42(2):166-171.)
• [5] 王涛,田林亚,孔令杰,等.GPS高层建筑物动态特性的小波分析提取[J].测绘科学,2018,43(4):100-104,108.(WANG Tao,TIAN Linya,KONG Lingjie,et al.Wavelet analysis extraction using GPS high-rise buildings dynamic feature[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2018,43(4):100-104,108.)
• [6] BOUDRAA A O,CEXUS J C.EMD-based signal filtering[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement,2007,56(6):2196-2202.
• [7] 陈仁祥,汤宝平,吕中亮.基于相关系数的EEMD转子振动信号降噪方法[J].振动、测试与诊断,2012,32(4):542-546,685.(CHEN Renxiang,TANG Baoping,LYU Zhongliang.Ensemble empirical mode decomposition de-noising method based on correlation coefficients for vibration signal of rotor system[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis,2012,32(4):542-546,685.)
• [8] 李洋,景新幸,杨海燕.基于改进小波阈值和EMD的语音去噪方法[J].计算机工程与设计,2014,35(7):2462-2466.(LI Yang,JING Xinxing,YANG Haiyan.Speech de-noising method based on empirical mode decomposition and improved wavelet threshold[J].Computer Engineering and Design,2014,35(7):2462-2466.)
• [9] 邵忍平,曹精明,李永龙.基于EMD小波阈值去噪和时频分析的齿轮故障模式识别与诊断[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(8):96-101,106.(SHAO Renping,CAO Jingming,LI Yonglong.Gear fault pattern identification and diagnosis using time-frequency analysis and wavelet threshold de-noising based on EMD[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(8):96-101,106.)
• [10] 程军圣,张亢,杨宇,等.局部均值分解与经验模式分解的对比研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(5):13-16,201.(CHENG Junsheng,ZHANG Kang,YANG Yu,et al.Comparison between the methods of local mean decomposition and empirical mode decomposition[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(5):13-16,201.)
• [11] 张亢.局部均值分解方法及其在旋转机械故障诊断中的应用研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2012.(ZHANG Kang.Research on local mean decomposition method and its application to rotating machinery fault diagnosis[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2012.)
• [12] SMITH J S.The local mean decomposition and its application to EEG perception data[J].Journal of the Royal Society Interface,2005,2(5):443-454.
• [13] 王奉伟.改进的局部均值分解和高斯过程在变形监测数据处理中的应用研究[D].南昌:东华理工大学,2016.(WANG Fengwei.On studying the application of local mean decomposition and Gaussian process in extraction signal analysis and forecasting research of deformation signal[D].Nanchang:East China University of Technology,2016.)
• [14] 吴开岩,张献州,黄雨微,等.ELMD并联式组合模型在沉降分析中的可行性研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2017,42(10):1482-1488.(WU Kaiyan,ZHANG Xianzhou,HUANG Yuwei,et al.The feasibility study on settlement monitoring of a parallel combination prediction method based on ELMD[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2017,42(10):1482-1488.)
• [15] 李士心,刘鲁源.基于小波阈值去噪方法的研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2002,23(S2):478-479.(LI Shixin,LIU Luyuan.The study of denoising through wavelet shrinkage[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2002,23(S2):478-479.)
• [16] 李树钰.改进的小波阈值去噪方法及其在MATLAB中的仿真[J].噪声与振动控制,2010,30(2):121-124.(LI Shuyu.Improved wavelet threshold de-noising method and its simulation using MATLAB[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2010,30(2):121-124.)
• [17] 王旭,刘文生,王昶.一种改进小波阈值去噪方法的研究[J].测绘科学,2011,36(5):179-180,242.(WANG Xu,LIU Wensheng,WANG Chang.An improved wavelet threshold de-noising method[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(5):179-180,242.)
• [18] 李宗春,邓勇,张冠宇,等.变形测量异常数据处理中小波变换最佳级数的确定[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2011,36(3):285-288.(LI Zongchun,DENG Yong,ZHANG Guanyu,et al.Determination of best grading of wavelet transform in deformation measurement data filtering[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2011,36(3):285-288.)
• [19] 朱建军,章浙涛,匡翠林,等.一种可靠的小波去噪质量评价指标[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2015,40(5):688-694.(ZHU Jianjun,ZHANG Zhetao,KUANG Cuilin,et al.A reliable evaluation indicator of wavelet de-noising[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2015,40(5):688-694.)